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A Comparison of the Efficacy of the Reactivators of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibited with Tabun
Srovnávání účinnosti reaktivátorů acetylcholinesterasy inhibované tabunem
Nervově paralytická látka tabun inhibuje enzym acetylcholinesterasu (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) za vzniku kovalentní vazby. Díky tomu nemůže tento enzym plnit v organizmu svou funkci a následně dochází k cholinergní krizi. Reaktivátory AChE (pralidoxim, obidoxim a HI-6) se užívají jakožto kauzální antidota při otravách nervově paralytickými látkami. Jejich úkolem je štěpit vzniklou vazbu mezi enzymem a inhibitorem. Bohužel jejich schopnost reaktivovat tabunem inhibovanou AChE je nízká. Cílem této práce bylo najít nejúčinnější reaktivátor AChE inhibované tabunem. Bylo otestováno osm reaktivátorů AChE – pralidoxim, obidoxim, trimedoxim, HI-6, methoxim, Hlö-7 a nově syntetizované reaktivátory K027 a K048. Všechny látky byly testovány standardním in vitro reaktivačním testem (pH 8, 25 °C, inhibice 30 min, reaktivace 10 min). Z výsledků vyplývá, že jen trimedoxim dosáhl 50 % reaktivace enzymu. Této poměrně silné reaktivační schopnosti bylo dosaženo při vysoké koncentraci reaktivátoru (10⁻² M). Pouze čtyři látky (trimedoxim, obidoxim, K027 a K048) reaktivovaly tabunem-inhibovanou AChE při nižší koncentraci 10⁻⁴ M (pravděpodobně dosažitelné in vivo) v rozmezí od 10 do 18 %.
Klíčová slova:
acetylcholinesterasa – reaktivátory – nervově paralytické látky – tabun – oximy
Authors: J. Cabal; K. Kuča; D. Jun; J. Bajgar; M. Hrabinová
Authors‘ workplace: Univerzita obrany v Hradci Králové, Fakulta vojenského zdravotnictví, Katedra toxikologie
Published in: Čes. slov. Farm., 2005; 54, 192-195
Category: Original Articles
Overview
The nerve agent tabun inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) by the formation of a covalent bond with the enzyme. Afterwards, AChE is not able to fulfil its role in the organism and subsequently cholinergic crisis occurs. AChE reactivators (pralidoxime, obidoxime and HI-6) as causal antidotes are used for the cleavage of the bond between the enzyme and nerve agent. Unfortunately, their potency for reactivation of tabun-inhibited AChE is poor. The aim of the study was to choose the most potent reactivator of tabun-inhibited AChE. We have tested eight AChE reactivators – pralidoxime, obidoxime, trimedoxime, HI-6, methoxime, Hlö-7 and our newly synthesized oximes K027 and K048. All reactivators were tested using our standard in vitro reactivation test (pH 8, 25°C, time of inhibition by the nerve agent 30 minutes, time of reactivation by AChE reactivator 10 minutes). According to our results, only trimedoxime was able to achieve 50% reactivation potency. However, this relatively high potency was achieved at high oxime concentration (10⁻² M). At a lower concentration of 10⁻⁴ M (the probably attainable concentration in vivo), four AChE reactivators (trimedoxime, obidoxime, K027, and K048) were able to reactivate AChE inhibited by tabun reaching from 10 to 18 %.
Key words:
acetylcholinesterase – reactivators – nerve agents – tabun – oxim
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Pharmacy Clinical pharmacology
Article was published inCzech and Slovak Pharmacy
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