Assessment of immunity to polio among Rohingya children in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, 2018: A cross-sectional survey

English version

Autoři: Concepcion F. Estivariz ^aff001; Sarah D. Bennett ^aff001; Jacquelyn S. Lickness ^aff001; Leora R. Feldstein ^aff001; William C. Weldon ^aff003; Eva Leidman ^aff004; Daniel C. Ehlman ^aff001; Muhammad F. H. Khan ^aff005; Jucy M. Adhikari ^aff006; Mainul Hasan ^aff006; Mallick M. Billah ^aff007; M. Steven Oberste ^aff003; A. S. M. Alamgir ^aff007; Meerjady D. Flora ^aff007
Působiště autorů: Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America ^aff001; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America ^aff002; Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America ^aff003; Division of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America ^aff004; World Health Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh ^aff005; United Nations Children’s Fund, Dhaka, Bangladesh ^aff006; Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh ^aff007
Vyšlo v časopise: Assessment of immunity to polio among Rohingya children in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, 2018: A cross-sectional survey. PLoS Med 17(3): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003070
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003070

Souhrn

Background

We performed a cross-sectional survey in April–May 2018 among Rohingya in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, to assess polio immunity and inform vaccination strategies.

Methods and findings

Rohingya children aged 1–6 years (younger group) and 7–14 years (older group) were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling in makeshift settlements and simple random sampling in Nayapara registered camp. Surveyors asked parents/caregivers if the child received any oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in Myanmar and, for younger children, if the child received vaccine in any of the 5 campaigns delivering bivalent OPV (serotypes 1 and 3) conducted during September 2017–April 2018 in Cox’s Bazar. Dried blood spot (DBS) specimens were tested for neutralizing antibodies to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 in 580 younger and 297 older children. Titers ≥ 1 : 8 were considered protective. Among 632 children (335 aged 1–6 years, 297 aged 7–14 years) enrolled in the study in makeshift settlements, 51% were male and 89% had arrived after August 9, 2017. Among 245 children (all aged 1–6 years) enrolled in the study in Nayapara, 54% were male and 10% had arrived after August 9, 2017. Among younger children, 74% in makeshift settlements and 92% in Nayapara received >3 bivalent OPV doses in campaigns. Type 1 seroprevalence was 85% (95% CI 80%–89%) among younger children and 91% (95% CI 86%–95%) among older children in makeshift settlements, and 92% (88%–95%) among younger children in Nayapara. Type 2 seroprevalence was lower among younger children than older children in makeshift settlements (74% [95% CI 68%–79%] versus 97% [95% CI 94%–99%], p < 0.001), and was 69% (95% CI 63%–74%) among younger children in Nayapara. Type 3 seroprevalence was below 75% for both age groups and areas. The limitations of this study are unknown routine immunization history and poor retention of vaccination cards.

Conclusions

Younger Rohingya children had immunity gaps to all 3 polio serotypes and should be targeted by future campaigns and catch-up routine immunization. DBS collection can enhance the reliability of assessments of outbreak risk and vaccination strategy impact in emergency settings.

Klíčová slova:

Age groups – Antibodies – Bangladesh – Immunity – Poliomyelitis – Poliovirus – Vaccination and immunization – Vaccines

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